Originally published on Poul Anderson Appreciation, 6 Mar 2013.
This
is an old question: can human beings leave Earth, cross space and
colonise other planetary surfaces, whether solar or extra-solar? A lot
of science fiction (sf) just assumes the answer "yes" although Poul
Anderson at least questions whether it will be a straightforward matter
to breathe the air, drink the water, eat the food etc on any terrestroid
planet.
Here are some variations on the question.
Might people instead colonise the Asteroid Belt, as they do in sf series
by Poul Anderson and Larry Niven? Or might they just construct
self-sustaining habitats in space itself as in another series by
Anderson? Certainly, any group that crosses an interstellar distance at
sub-light speeds must take its environment with it and therefore need
not depend on the extreme improbability of finding a habitable
environment awaiting them on arrival.
In Anderson's World Without Stars (New York, 1966), humanity has undergone three transformations.
(i)
A spaceship can make a series of instantaneous interstellar or
intergalactic jumps. Humanity is expanding, exploring, trading and
regularly contacting other races.
(ii) Anithanatic
prevents aging. People die only by accident or violence. Living
indefinitely, they remain sane by allowing a machine to edit their
memories. Thus, a man who has lived for thousands of years consciously
remembers only several decades' worth of experience and must consult
records about the rest of his past life.
(iii) They mostly live in space.
"...I
suppose that a gene complex still crops up occasionally which makes the
owner want to belong to a specific patch of earth." (p. 7)
Colonizers of planets:
"...wanted
nature and elbow room. There is no other good reason for planting
yourself at the bottom of a gravity well. The reason is not quite
logical - after all, most of us can satisfy our ape instincts with an
occasional groundside visit somewhere, or just with a multisense
tape..." (p. 7)
So where do most of them live? The
narrator, Captain Felipe Argens, describes the satellite starport called
"City", which has grown over several centuries. Approaching it in a
space boat, he sees:
"...towers rocketing from
parapets, domes and ports glowing brighter than stars, the Ramakan
memorial rakish across the galactic clouds; I could see ships in dock
and boats aswarm; and as nearly as any spaceman (except Hugh Valland)
ever does, I felt I was at home." (p. 9)
Argens is at
home in City but has wives in several ports and each of them has several
space travelling husbands who rarely meet each other.
He also describes the view from his wife Lute's porch:
"Space
dropped dizzily from the viewport, thin starred black here on the rim.
Huge and shapeless - we still being more or less within it - the galaxy
streamed past and was lost to sight; we looked towards remoteness." (p.
12)
Here are true space dwellers. And Argens' guest,
Hugh Valland, nearly three thousand years old, had "'...shipped on the
first star craft.'" (p. 16)
After all these changes,
can they still be human beings? Anderson describes them as such but he
acknowledged elsewhere that a fiction set in the far future has to be
regarded as a translation from a different language and worldview. And
how long can they remain what we would recognise as human beings? A
sequel set later might have shown greater physical and mental
adaptations in these immortal space-dwelling organisms.
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